1 00:00:24,829 --> 00:00:24,894 “ 2 00:00:24,895 --> 00:00:24,961 “D 3 00:00:24,962 --> 00:00:25,027 “Di 4 00:00:25,028 --> 00:00:25,093 “Dis 5 00:00:25,094 --> 00:00:25,160 “Dist 6 00:00:25,161 --> 00:00:25,226 “Dista 7 00:00:25,227 --> 00:00:25,292 “Distan 8 00:00:25,293 --> 00:00:25,358 “Distanc 9 00:00:25,359 --> 00:00:25,425 “Distance 10 00:00:25,426 --> 00:00:25,491 “Distance” 11 00:00:25,492 --> 00:00:25,557 “Distance” 12 00:00:25,558 --> 00:00:25,624 “Distance” r 13 00:00:25,625 --> 00:00:25,690 “Distance” ro 14 00:00:25,691 --> 00:00:25,756 “Distance” roo 15 00:00:25,757 --> 00:00:25,823 “Distance” room 16 00:00:25,824 --> 00:00:25,889 “Distance” room 17 00:00:25,890 --> 00:00:25,955 “Distance” room s 18 00:00:25,956 --> 00:00:26,021 “Distance” room se 19 00:00:26,022 --> 00:00:26,088 “Distance” room set 20 00:00:26,089 --> 00:00:26,154 “Distance” room sett 21 00:00:26,155 --> 00:00:26,220 “Distance” room setti 22 00:00:26,221 --> 00:00:26,287 “Distance” room settin 23 00:00:26,288 --> 00:00:26,353 “Distance” room setting 24 00:00:26,354 --> 00:00:26,419 “Distance” room settings 25 00:00:26,420 --> 00:00:26,486 “Distance” room settings, 26 00:00:26,487 --> 00:00:26,552 “Distance” room settings, 27 00:00:26,553 --> 00:00:26,618 “Distance” room settings, P 28 00:00:26,619 --> 00:00:26,685 “Distance” room settings, Pa 29 00:00:26,686 --> 00:00:26,751 “Distance” room settings, Par 30 00:00:26,752 --> 00:00:26,817 “Distance” room settings, Part 31 00:00:26,818 --> 00:00:26,883 “Distance” room settings, Part 32 00:00:26,884 --> 00:00:26,950 “Distance” room settings, Part I 33 00:00:26,951 --> 00:00:27,016 “Distance” room settings, Part I: 34 00:00:27,017 --> 00:00:27,617 “Distance” room settings, Part I: 35 00:00:27,642 --> 00:00:33,788 In “Settings” tab it is possible for you to manage settings related to “Shot Test”, “Check Test” and “Search Test”. 36 00:00:33,813 --> 00:00:37,458 In “Fault” section, the method of the test is specified. 37 00:00:37,483 --> 00:00:43,140 In addition to the test method, the amount of current or voltage of the test is specified as well. 38 00:00:43,165 --> 00:00:51,645 Generally, there are three methods to calculate the test current and voltage and all of these methods are available in the drop-down list in “Test Model”. 39 00:00:51,670 --> 00:00:54,240 The first method is “Constant test current”. 40 00:00:54,265 --> 00:01:00,611 After specifying the fault impedance, the test voltage can be easily calculated in a fixed current. 41 00:01:00,903 --> 00:01:07,378 Some of the parameters are set in accordance with the option selected in this field about which be discassed later. 42 00:01:07,402 --> 00:01:11,042 The amount of test current is specified in “I Test” field. 43 00:01:11,066 --> 00:01:20,218 As you can see this cell is in blue which means that its value is dependent on a parameter in “Test Object” and is calculated using the relation defined for it. 44 00:01:20,242 --> 00:01:30,163 By right-clicking on this option and selecting “Link to XRio” you can see that the amount of test current is resulted from multiplying the nominal current by 2. 45 00:01:30,187 --> 00:01:34,028 You are allowed to change this number to any desired value. 46 00:01:34,052 --> 00:01:42,651 By manually changing this value, the cell turns pink (if “XRio” file is loaded) which means that the formula of calculating the test current is disabled. 47 00:01:43,484 --> 00:01:50,358 You can also enter the test current value manually by right-clicking on this cell and selecting “Remove Link” option. 48 00:01:51,255 --> 00:02:00,539 “LL Same as LE” option enables the user to test either of phase to ground and phase to phase fault types with different currents. 49 00:02:00,563 --> 00:02:09,569 If this option is checked, all phase to ground and phase to phase fault types are tested with the same current and if this option is unchecked, 50 00:02:09,593 --> 00:02:13,738 you can specify a test current for each of fault types. 51 00:02:13,762 --> 00:02:16,815 When using the fixed current test method, 52 00:02:16,839 --> 00:02:19,474 in “Maximum Fault Impedance” section, 53 00:02:19,498 --> 00:02:27,927 the maximum fault impedance in phase to ground, two-phase and three-phase “Fault Types” is calculated by using these formulae and displayed. 54 00:02:27,951 --> 00:02:40,458 If in constant current, the test voltage is more than the nominal value of the relay a prompt saying “Out Of Range” is displayed which means that the selected point is out of the allowed range. 55 00:02:40,482 --> 00:02:43,698 By checking “Allow Reduction of I Test” option, 56 00:02:43,722 --> 00:02:57,020 the software considers the voltage as the nominal value to calculate the intended impedance current and voltage and decreases the current value so that the shot point is placed in the injection range of the device. 57 00:02:57,044 --> 00:03:06,004 By checking “Allow Reduction of “I Test” option, “V Max (L-L)” field is displayed which is the same as the nominal line voltage. 58 00:03:06,028 --> 00:03:11,709 You can see that this cell is in blue which means its value is related to another parameter. 59 00:03:11,733 --> 00:03:15,174 By right-clicking on this field and selecting “Go to Linked Value”, 60 00:03:15,198 --> 00:03:23,733 you can see that this field in linked to “V nom” parameter and by changing this parameter the value of this field changes accordingly. 61 00:03:23,757 --> 00:03:30,067 Also, by right-clicking on this cell and selecting “Remove Link” option, you can enter this value manually. 62 00:03:30,091 --> 00:03:36,470 For example, in “Shot Test” tab, a point with a “30” ohm impedance is added to the points table. 63 00:03:36,494 --> 00:03:45,435 This point is located in the “Out Of Range” area and by opening “Vector View” window, the voltage and current values for this impedance are displayed. 64 00:03:45,459 --> 00:03:48,355 By checking “Allow Reduction of I Test” option, 65 00:03:48,379 --> 00:03:58,099 you can see that the voltage value changes to nominal voltage and the current value is reduced so that this point is placed in the injection range of the device. 66 00:03:58,123 --> 00:04:06,184 Note that when you are testing a wide range of the zone, the injected current must be bigger than the minimum “Pick up” current of the relay. 67 00:04:06,208 --> 00:04:16,096 If the relay uses the voltage dependent on the inception current, make sure that the test voltage is always smaller than the “Pick up” voltage set for the relay. 68 00:04:16,120 --> 00:04:18,996 The second method is “Constant test voltage”. 69 00:04:19,020 --> 00:04:26,634 By specifying the fault impedance value and keeping the voltage fixed, the test current can easily be calculated. 70 00:04:27,173 --> 00:04:34,586 Some of the parameters are set in accordance with the option selected in this section about which more is going to be said. 71 00:04:34,610 --> 00:04:43,309 The test voltage value is specified in “V Test” field and the value entered in this section is considered to be fixed throughout the test. 72 00:04:43,334 --> 00:04:51,009 When you are using the fixed voltage test method, in “Minimum Fault Impedance” section, the minimum fault impedance in phase to ground, 73 00:04:51,033 --> 00:04:56,823 two-phase and three-phase “Fault Types” is calculated using these formulae and are displayed. 74 00:04:56,847 --> 00:05:01,605 If in constant voltage, the test current is more than the nominal value of the relay, 75 00:05:01,629 --> 00:05:07,870 a prompt saying “Out Of Range” is displayed which means that the selected point is out of the allowed range. 76 00:05:07,895 --> 00:05:18,164 By checking “Allow Reduction of V Test” option in constant current, the voltage is decreased so that it is made possible for the device to test that point. 77 00:05:18,189 --> 00:05:21,426 The third method is “Constant Source Impedance”. 78 00:05:21,450 --> 00:05:30,907 In this method, it is possible to specify the fault impedance source so that the test current value is calculated by using a constant impedance. 79 00:05:30,931 --> 00:05:37,605 You can use various modes available is “Mode” drop-down list to determine the fault Source type. 80 00:05:37,629 --> 00:05:49,801 . By clicking on this field a list opens where you can select your impedance model and enter the value of the required parameters in “Source Type” table in accordance with the selected model. 81 00:05:49,825 --> 00:06:08,683 In “Zs and KS”, “ZS1 and ZS0”, “RS, Xs, RSE, XSE” and “SIR and KS” modes, magnitude and angle of the source impedance and the grounding factor of the impedance, 82 00:06:08,707 --> 00:06:14,312 magnitude and angle of the source impedance in zero and positive sequence, 83 00:06:14,336 --> 00:06:21,855 “Real” and “Imaginary” sections of the source impedance as well as the relation of mentioned “Real” and “Imaginary” parameters, 84 00:06:21,880 --> 00:06:28,928 and magnitude and angle value of “Real” and “Imaginary” sections of the source impedance are entered respectively 85 00:06:28,952 --> 00:06:40,916 In fact, in this section, “SIR” is “ZS/ZL” . In “Ssc and X/R” and “Isc and X/R” modes, 86 00:06:40,940 --> 00:06:49,407 the short circuit apparent power for three-phase and phase to ground mode and the “X/R” parameter relation in single-phase mode, 87 00:06:49,431 --> 00:07:00,851 and the short circuit current for three-phase and phase to ground and the “X/R” parameter relation in single phase mode are entered in “Source Type” table respectively. 88 00:07:00,875 --> 00:07:05,476 If “KS=KL” option is checked, 89 00:07:06,134 --> 00:07:16,679 in the models mentioned in “Mode” field numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 only the first two parameters are adjustable and the other two parameters are disabled. 90 00:07:16,703 --> 00:07:20,651 This option is disabled in modes 5 and 6. 91 00:07:20,675 --> 00:07:31,290 By setting the parameters of any of the selected models, the software calculates the current or voltage value for the test which can be viewed in “Vector View” window. 92 00:07:31,314 --> 00:07:37,439 In “Fault Inception” section, the fault inception angle can be determined in three ways. 93 00:07:37,463 --> 00:07:45,036 To better understand this, open “Signal View” window. If “Fixed Angle” is selected from “Model” slide field, 94 00:07:45,060 --> 00:07:53,204 you can enter the desired fault inception angle value in “Angle” field and view the angle changes in “Signal View”. 95 00:07:53,228 --> 00:07:58,302 By entering this angle, current and voltage phases shift at the same amount. 96 00:07:58,326 --> 00:08:07,734 By selecting “Maximum Offset” option, the software picks the maximum “DC Offset” value in the fault inception moment for the current waveform. 97 00:08:07,758 --> 00:08:17,402 The maximum positive “DC Offset” value occurs when the fault inception angle is equal to the impedance angle ±90 degrees. 98 00:08:19,592 --> 00:08:26,079 By selecting “Zero offset” option, a zero “DC offset” is applied to the current output. 99 00:08:26,103 --> 00:08:38,125 By checking “DC offset” option, in “Fixed Angle” it is possible to specify a “DC offset” value for the current output in the fault inception moment in any desired angle. 100 00:08:38,149 --> 00:08:43,748 If for any reason you wish to use the group B voltage output in “Distance” test, 101 00:08:43,772 --> 00:08:52,940 you can do so by checking “Enable Voltage Output (VB)” in “Voltage Output” section and entering the intended voltage and angle values. 102 00:08:52,964 --> 00:08:58,692 You can view the waveform related to this voltage output in “Signal View” window.